Codes & Standards Design Examples
PCI governs the design of precast insulated sandwich wall panel buildings. However, the patented Aslan 700 Nu-Tie building system is a proprietary method of producing buildings that includes
- Design Methods
- Very Productive Factory Methodologies
- Highly Energy Efficient Building Wall Panels
Although the design of Precast Sandwich Wall Panels is generally performed per PCI guidance, a key component of the Nu-Tie Building System is the use of Aslan 100 GFRP connector elements. There is a wealth of standards, codes and research from which we can draw to help us better understand the performance of this unique, high strength, thermallly non-conductive concrete reinforcing. This body of knowlege helps assure the precast producer and building owner that this aspect of the Nu-Tie system is thoroughly understood.
Although an enabling component of this patented building system, the Aslan 100 GFRP bar used as the Aslan 700 Nu-Tie connector is the same material being used in many other structures, bridge decks and more.
ACI committee 440 is the most authoritative and prolific consensus standards body involved in the publication of design guidelines for the use of FRP bars.
Hughes Brothers has been an active participant in 440 committee activities since 1994. Committee 440 documents are based on research performed world-wide.
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Design with Aslan 100 GFRP bars is dictated by ACI 440.1R-06, "Guide for the Design and Construction of Structural Concrete Reinforced with FRP Bars".

This third iteration document, can be purchased from the ACI International bookstore (linked by this text) $70.50 for non-members and $43.00 for ACI members. This document and all other ACI 440 publications are included in the "Manual of Concrete Practice" which many engineering firms obtain.


Material properties of FRP bars are validated with a complete set of test methods from ACI. Document 440.3R-04 "Guide Test Methods for Fiber Reinforced Polymers for Reinforcing or Strengthening Concrete Structures".

ASTM committee D30 is transitioning the 440 test methods to individual ASTM test methods such as ASTM D7205 "Tensile Properties of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composite Bars".


In 2008, ACI committee 440 published "Specifications for Construction with Fiber Reinforced Polymer Reinforcing Bars" document 440.5-08. Written in mandatory language, this document offers guidance to the contractor and site inspector describing limitations and allowances for the delivery storage, handling, fabrication, bar placement, field repair and cutting and concrete placement for projects incorporating the use of Aslan FRP bars.

Codes & Standards
To aid the designer unfamiliar with the various FRP design guides and standards, Hughes Brothers has engineering assistance available in house. Our staff of engineers are intimately involved in the authorship of the various design guides, standard and test methods and are available to help with your specific project.
We will NOT stamp designs, rather we are here to "compliment" your efforts for a successful implementation of Aslan FRP bars.
Using industry standard consensus design methods, we will furnish you with a design proposal based on the inputs you provide us. Hughes Brothers will not perform any structural analysis and our scope is limited to design advice only to the engineer of record concerning implementation of Aslan FRP bars.

To assist you, our staff needs a clear understanding of:
- Geometry of the concrete member -- electronic or CAD drawings are most helpful
- Moment and shear forces the member is subject to
- Concrete strengths

email Hughes Bros. engineering staff

The following are design examples made by Hughes Brothers and are typical of project proposals and various design standards and methodologies.